Haarweg 85 (2019)

Haarweg 85.

The archaeological research was carried out as part of the permit procedure for the construction of a new barn measuring 16 x 24 metres at Haarweg 85. The area of ​​the plan area is approximately 400 m².

Conclusions of the research

The most important soil disturbances to be expected concern the construction of the construction pit for the new barn, to a depth of approximately 0.5 metres below ground level. The pile driving activities had been completed prior to the archaeological investigation. The map of the current Zoning plan for the Gorinchem countryside ( PDF 6 MB) a zone with an archaeological dual designation (Value – Archaeological expectation high PM1) is shown at the location of the plan area. For such a zone, an investigation obligation applies on the basis of article 21 of the zoning plan rules if, in the context of the granting of an environmental permit, soil disturbances are expected with a surface area of ​​more than 50 m² and with a depth of more than 0.3 meters below ground level. At the location of the northern part of the plan area, a zone is shown with a second archaeological dual designation (Value – Archaeological expectation very high LMNT2). For such a zone, an investigation obligation applies on the basis of article 28 of the zoning plan rules if, in the context of the granting of an environmental permit, soil disturbances are expected with a surface area of ​​more than 30 m² and with a depth of more than 0.3 meters below ground level. As part of the permit procedure for the development plan, an archaeological desk study and an inventory field study by means of soil drilling (IVO-Other) had to be carried out, as the first step in the archaeological monument care cycle.

Detail of cadastral map 1811 – 1832 with the plan area.

Based on the archaeological desk research and the IVO-Other, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. At the southern part of the plan area there is a soil structure with a sub-recently applied rubble layer with a thickness of 0.4 - 0.8 meters, on an old building layer, on several layers belonging to the (bank) deposits of the Formation of Echteld (according to the classical nomenclature counted as part of the Tiel Deposits), on several layers earlier (bank) Deposits of the Echteld Formation (according to the classical nomenclature counted as part of the Tiel Deposits), on older (bank) deposits of the Echteld Formation (according to the classical nomenclature counted as part of the Gorkum Deposits). Based on the depth to which (peaty) clay deposits have been found – and because of the lack of Holland peat – it could be concluded that the site located to the north of the plan area current belt van Spijk was also active here during the last Gorkum transgression phase and is therefore older than assumed. At the location of the northern part of the plan area, the older Deposits of the Echteld Formation (considered to be part of the Gorkum deposits according to the classical nomenclature) are absent and probably deep-reaching (channel sand) Deposits of the Echteld Formation (considered to be part of the Tiel Deposits according to the classical nomenclature) related to the Spijk Stroomgordel are present.

2. Archaeological remains from the Late Middle Ages and the Modern Period can be found here directly beneath the sub-recent raising layer and the old building furrow, on and in the top of the (gully and bank) Deposits of the Echteld Formation (considered to be part of the Tiel Deposits according to classical nomenclature), from a depth of approximately 0.7 – 1.2 metres below ground level.

Detail of map 'the South Holland area with the adjacent countries' (1642), Hingman collection, National Archives.

3. The plan area is located in an area that is likely to have been developed from the 11^de century has been reclaimed. The Haarweg, located to the north of the plan area, served as a reclamation axis at the time. Based on historical research, it can be concluded that the plots along the Haarweg were built on from 1794 onwards at the very least. These buildings were probably on house mounds, such as the house mounds to the north and northwest of the plan area. Based on the Current Elevation Model Netherlands (AHN) it can be concluded that the plan area – contrary to what is suggested on the archaeological policy map and the zoning plan map – is not located on the flank of an old house mound. Based on the old maps it can be concluded that the chance of the presence of building remains from the Modern Period (before 1890) on the site of the plan area is very small. The same applies to archaeological remains from the Middle Ages. The discovery of traces that can be related to the habitation of the house mound is relatively small, because the plan area is located south of the house mound is located. Such remains can be expected at the house mounds located to the north and northwest of the plan area.

From a depth of approximately 0.7 – 1.2 metres below ground level, archaeological remains from the Late Prehistory and the Roman period could still be present, on and in the top of the Deposits of the Echteld Formation (considered part of the Tiel Deposits according to classical nomenclature). At the location of the southern part of the plan area, from a depth of approximately 2.5 – 2.8 metres below ground level (approximately 3.0 – 3.4 metres –NAP), archaeological remains could be present on and in the deposits of the Echteld Formation (considered part of the Gorkum Deposits according to classical nomenclature).

Recommendations

Based on the archaeological desk research and drilling research (IVO-Other) carried out, it must be concluded that the proposed plan implementation will not lead to the damage to archaeological remains that are worth preserving. During the plan implementation, only the sub-recent rubble layer will be cut into, or at most the top of the old building layer below it. Archaeological follow-up research is therefore not considered necessary. It is recommended to maintain the archaeological dual designation because archaeological remains may be cut into in the event of deeper soil disturbances.